Copper is primarily found in the skeleton and muscle of humans, which accounts for almost two-thirds of the body's total copper content.
While the majority is in the skeleton and muscle, copper is also present in smaller amounts throughout the body. The typical adult human body contains between 50 and 120 mg of copper. Here's a breakdown:
- Skeleton and Muscle: This is the major reservoir, storing the largest portion of copper.
- Liver: The liver plays a crucial role in copper metabolism, including storage and distribution.
- Brain: Copper is essential for various neurological functions.
- Other Tissues and Organs: Copper is distributed in trace amounts throughout various other tissues and organs, where it serves as a cofactor for many enzymes involved in essential biological processes.
Copper is vital for a wide range of bodily functions, including:
- Enzyme Function: Copper is a cofactor for many enzymes involved in energy production, iron metabolism, and antioxidant defense.
- Connective Tissue Formation: It contributes to the synthesis of collagen and elastin.
- Nerve Function: Copper is necessary for proper nerve function and neurotransmitter synthesis.
- Immune System: It supports a healthy immune system.
Most of the copper that is ingested is eventually excreted in bile, with a smaller portion excreted in urine. This helps to maintain a healthy balance of copper within the body.
