Which Pigment is Present in Human?
Humans possess several types of pigments, each with a specific function and location within the body. These include:
Melanin is the most well-known pigment in humans, responsible for skin, hair, and eye color. There are three main forms:
- Eumelanin: This type produces brown and black colors. An abundance of eumelanin leads to darker hair and skin.
- Pheomelanin: This pigment creates yellow-red hues. The balance of eumelanin and pheomelanin determines the shade of hair and skin.
- Neuromelanin: Found in the brain, this melanin type accumulates with age. Its exact function is still under research.
Melanin's primary role is protecting against harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. Increased sun exposure leads to increased melanin production, resulting in tanning. (Sources: Cleveland Clinic on Melanin, ScienceDirect on Eumelanin and Pheomelanin in Epidermis, Meridian on Human Colors, PubMed on new melanic pigments in the brain, MedlinePlus on Hair Color)
Hemoglobin: The Oxygen Carrier
Hemoglobin is an iron-containing pigment found in red blood cells. Its crucial function is transporting oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues. (Source: Provided text on respiratory pigment)
Other Pigments
Other pigments are present in smaller amounts or in specific tissues:
- Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) pigments: These pigments play a critical role in maintaining vision. (Source: PubMed on Functional Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels)
The presence of various pigments and their concentrations determine an individual's unique appearance and contribute to overall health.
