Hyper fever, also known as hyperpyrexia, is an exceptionally high fever, generally defined as a body temperature exceeding 41°C (106.7°F). This dangerous condition is a serious medical emergency. It can stem from severe infections, such as those caused by bacteria or viruses. Additionally, central nervous system (CNS) hemorrhages (bleeding in the brain) can also cause hyperpyrexia. It's crucial to note that hyperpyrexia is associated with a poor prognosis if not treated promptly.
Causes and Associated Conditions
While severe infections are a primary cause, other conditions can lead to hyperpyrexia. These include:
- Severe Infections: Bacterial or viral infections can overwhelm the body's temperature regulation system, resulting in dangerously high fevers.
- CNS Hemorrhages: Bleeding in the brain can disrupt normal temperature control mechanisms.
- Hyperimmunoglobulin D Syndrome (HIDS): This rare autosomal recessive disorder is characterized by recurrent attacks of chills and fever, beginning in the first year of life. HIDS involves elevated levels of immunoglobulin D (IgD) in the blood and is associated with periodic fever episodes. https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/hereditary-periodic-fever-syndromes/hyper-igd-syndrome The condition is also known by other names, including Hyper-IgD syndrome, Hyperimmunoglobinemia D with recurrent fever, and Partial mevalonate kinase deficiency. https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/343
- Other Autoinflammatory Diseases: Several rare genetic conditions that cause chronic inflammation can manifest with high fevers.
Symptoms and Treatment
The primary symptom of hyperpyrexia is an extremely high body temperature above 41°C (106.7°F). Other symptoms can include:
- Rapid heartbeat
- Rapid breathing
- Seizures
- Delirium
- Loss of consciousness
Treatment for hyperpyrexia is immediate and focuses on rapidly lowering the body temperature. This typically involves aggressive cooling measures, such as ice baths or cooling blankets, alongside treatment of the underlying cause.
Important Considerations
Hyperpyrexia is a medical emergency requiring immediate medical attention. Delay in treatment can lead to severe complications, including organ damage and death. The information provided here should not be used in place of seeking professional medical advice.
