Yes, icebergs are significantly larger underwater than what is visible on the surface.
The Vast Hidden Mass
The phrase "tip of the iceberg" accurately describes the reality: only a small fraction of an iceberg is seen above the waterline. The vast majority of its mass lies submerged beneath the ocean's surface.
According to scientific observations, almost 90% of an iceberg's total volume is under water. This substantial hidden portion contributes significantly to the iceberg's overall size and behavior in the ocean.
Underwater Dimensions
Beyond just the volume, the dimensions underwater are also typically larger than the visible parts. Specifically, the maximum width of an iceberg under water is often 20-30% larger than its visible width at the surface. While the average depth (draught) of an iceberg is slightly less than its apparent length above water, the sheer bulk and width beneath the surface make the underwater section considerably larger overall.
Here's a breakdown of key characteristics:
| Characteristic | Above Water | Under Water |
|---|---|---|
| Visible Mass | Approx. 10% of total mass | Approx. 90% of total mass |
| Maximum Width | Visible width | 20-30% larger than visible width |
| Average Depth | N/A | Slightly less than visible length |
This underwater dominance is due to the density difference between ice and seawater; ice is less dense, causing it to float, but most of its mass remains below the surface to displace enough water to support its weight.
In summary, while the shape can vary, the underwater portion of an iceberg constitutes its majority and is fundamentally larger in terms of overall volume, mass, and often maximum width compared to the part visible above water.
