How do you rotate layers in Paint.net?

X-Axis: Tilting the layer forward or backward.
Y-Axis: Rotating the layer side to side.
Z-Axis: Rotating the layer clockwise or counterclockwise, like a dial.

You can rotate layers in Paint.net using the Rotate/Zoom dialog.

Accessing the Rotate/Zoom Dialog

The Rotate/Zoom dialog in Paint.net provides you with the tools to freely rotate layers. You can access this dialog in two ways:

Through the Layers Menu: Navigate to the "Layers" menu and find the "Rotate/Zoom" option.
Using the Keyboard Shortcut: Press Ctrl + Shift + Z to directly open the dialog. This is a quick and efficient way to access the rotation tool.

The Rotate/Zoom dialog allows for rotation around three axes:

Besides rotation, the Rotate/Zoom dialog includes other useful features:

Panning: Allows you to move the layer around its canvas.
Zooming: Enables you to scale the layer up or down.
Tiling: Lets you repeat the layer across the canvas.
Sampling: Provides different modes for how pixels are resampled when the layer is transformed.

Select your layer: In the layers window, click the layer you want to rotate.
Open the dialog: Either use the Layers menu and click "Rotate/Zoom", or press the keyboard shortcut Ctrl + Shift + Z.
Adjust the parameters: Use the rotate sliders or numeric inputs to rotate the layer around your desired axes (X, Y, or Z).
Apply changes: Click "OK" to apply your rotations. You can also use the panning, zooming, tiling, and sampling options as needed to further modify the layer.

By utilizing the Rotate/Zoom dialog, you can achieve a wide array of layer transformations in Paint.net with considerable flexibility.