How Do I Add a Layer Mask to an Adjustment Layer?
You don't add a layer mask to an adjustment layer; every adjustment layer in programs like Photoshop automatically comes with a built-in layer mask. You simply utilize this existing mask to control the effect's application.
The process is straightforward:
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Create an Adjustment Layer: In your image editing software (like Photoshop), select the layer you want to adjust. Click the "Create new fill or adjustment layer" button at the bottom of the Layers panel. Choose the desired adjustment type (e.g., Levels, Curves, Brightness/Contrast).
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Utilize the Mask: The adjustment layer will automatically include a layer mask. This mask, typically represented as a white rectangle thumbnail next to the adjustment layer's thumbnail, is initially entirely white, meaning the adjustment affects the entire layer beneath it.
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Painting on the Mask: To limit the adjustment's effect to specific areas, use black and white to paint on the layer mask. Black hides the adjustment’s effect, while white reveals it. Grayscale values create varying degrees of opacity for the adjustment.
Examples and Practical Insights
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Selective Color Correction: Use a layer mask to apply color adjustments only to a person's face, leaving the background untouched. Paint black on the mask over the background.
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Targeted Brightness Adjustments: Brighten a dark corner of a photo selectively by painting white on the mask over that area only.
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Gradual Transitions: Using grayscale on the mask creates smooth transitions between areas with and without the adjustment's effects.
Remember, you don't create a separate mask; you work with the existing mask on the adjustment layer. The process is identical regardless of the specific adjustment layer type selected (Curves, Levels, Hue/Saturation, etc.).
