Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that play a crucial role in your immune system. They are primarily involved in defending your body against parasites, allergens, and certain bacteria.
Here are some key functions of eosinophils:
- Fighting parasites: Eosinophils are particularly effective at combating parasitic infections, such as those caused by roundworms and tapeworms. They release substances that kill or disable these parasites.
- Responding to allergens: When you encounter allergens, like pollen or dust mites, your body releases histamine. This triggers an allergic reaction, and eosinophils are attracted to the site of inflammation. They help control the allergic reaction by releasing substances that break down allergens and regulate the inflammatory response.
- Modulating inflammation: Eosinophils can participate in both promoting and suppressing inflammation. They release factors that can either enhance or dampen the inflammatory response, depending on the specific situation.
- Killing bacteria: While not as efficient as neutrophils in phagocytosis (engulfing and destroying bacteria), eosinophils can still contribute to bacterial killing by releasing substances like reactive oxygen species.
It's important to note that while eosinophils are essential for immune defense, an excessive number of eosinophils (eosinophilia) can indicate an underlying health issue, such as allergies, asthma, parasitic infections, or even certain types of cancer.
