Two examples of impermeable surfaces are asphalt and concrete.
Understanding Impermeable Surfaces
Impermeable surfaces prevent water from seeping into the ground. This happens because these surfaces are solid and lack the pores or gaps necessary for water to penetrate. As a result, water runs off these surfaces, which can lead to issues such as increased runoff, flooding, pollution and erosion.
Examples of Impermeable Surfaces (from the reference):
The following are some examples of surfaces that are impermeable, as mentioned in the provided reference:
- Asphalt: Commonly used in roads and parking lots.
- Concrete: Frequently used for sidewalks, buildings and foundations.
- Stone: When set as pavers with little or no space for water to flow through.
- Brick: Similar to stone, if laid tightly or grouted, preventing water infiltration.
- Roofing: The surface material of most roofs, made to repel water.
- Extremely Compacted Ground: Such as a soccer field, where the soil is packed so tightly that it won't allow water to pass.
Why Impermeable Surfaces Matter
The accumulation of water caused by impermeable surfaces results in numerous environmental issues:
- Increased Flooding: When water cannot infiltrate the ground, it flows on the surface and can cause flooding in surrounding areas.
- Higher Runoff Rates: Runoff carries pollutants from the impermeable surfaces into nearby water bodies.
- Pollution: This runoff water can carry chemicals, oil, and other contaminants into streams, rivers, and lakes, negatively impacting water quality and aquatic life.
- Erosion: Increased runoff can cause erosion of the soil, damaging landscapes and affecting plant life.
Solutions for Managing Impermeable Surfaces
While impermeable surfaces serve a necessary purpose in construction and infrastructure, it's vital to implement strategies to minimize their adverse effects:
- Permeable Pavements: Using materials that allow water to seep into the ground, reducing runoff.
- Green Infrastructure: Incorporating features like rain gardens and bioswales to naturally manage stormwater runoff.
- Rain Barrels and Cisterns: Collecting rainwater for later use, reducing the amount of water running off impermeable surfaces.
- Tree Planting: Adding more trees to help absorb rainwater and reduce runoff.
