Dividing indoor plants is an effective way to create new plants, manage size, and rejuvenate root-bound specimens. The core process involves separating a clump-forming plant into two or more smaller sections, each with its own roots and shoots.
Understanding Plant Division
Plant division is a form of vegetative propagation. It's ideal for plants that grow in clumps from the base, producing multiple stems or offsets.
Why Divide Indoor Plants?
- Propagation: Easily create new plants from existing ones.
- Manage Size: Keep large, clumping plants from outgrowing their space or becoming unstable.
- Rejuvenation: Refresh root-bound or older plants that have reduced vigor or flowering.
- Improve Health: Prevent overcrowding, which can lead to poor air circulation and increased risk of pests and diseases.
When to Divide
The best time to divide most indoor plants is typically in late winter or early spring, just before their active growth period begins. This allows the new divisions time to establish their root systems as they enter their growth phase. Avoid dividing stressed or unhealthy plants.
Step-by-Step Guide to Dividing Indoor Plants
Here is a general process for dividing many common indoor plants:
- Prepare Your Workspace: Gather necessary tools: potting mix, new pots (slightly larger than the divided sections), a trowel, sharp knife or pruners, and a watering can. Lay down a drop cloth or newspaper to make cleanup easier.
- Remove the Plant: Carefully take the plant out of its current pot. You may need to gently tap the pot's sides or even lay it on its side and ease the plant out.
- Inspect the Root Ball: Gently brush away excess soil from the root ball to better see the root structure and potential division points.
- Identify Division Points: Look for natural separations or clumps within the root system. Each division needs a healthy section of roots and at least one shoot or cluster of leaves.
- Divide the Plant:
- For plants with loose, fibrous roots or natural offsets, you may be able to gently pull the clumps apart by hand.
- For plants with dense, thick, or tangled roots, you will need tools. Move down through the root ball to find where you can make a clean cut. As seen in the reference, sometimes you have to get the pruners to go in and take care of it that way too. A sharp knife or sterile pruners can be used to cut through thick roots or rhizomes. Ensure each resulting section has a viable root system.
- Pot the Divisions:
- Select appropriately sized pots for each division. They should not be excessively large, as this can lead to overwatering issues.
- Add a layer of fresh potting mix to the bottom of each new pot.
- Place a plant division in the center of the pot, ensuring the crown (where roots meet shoots) is level with or slightly below the pot rim.
- Fill the pot with fresh potting mix, gently tamping it down to remove air pockets. Leave about an inch of space below the rim for watering.
- Watering After Division: Thoroughly water each newly potted division. This helps settle the soil and provides moisture to the roots.
Practical Tips for Success
- Sterilize Tools: Always clean your knife or pruners before use to prevent spreading diseases.
- Handle Gently: Be careful not to damage roots or stems unnecessarily during the process.
- Choose Healthy Plants: Start with a vigorous, healthy plant for the best results.
- Don't Oversize Pots: Using pots that are too large can hinder recovery.
- Provide Proper Care: After potting, give the new divisions bright, indirect light and maintain consistent moisture without overwatering.
By following these steps, including carefully separating the root ball and using tools like pruners when needed, you can successfully divide your indoor plants and enjoy new growth.
