The critical period of breastfeeding is the first six months of life, starting within an hour of birth, during which exclusive breastfeeding is highly recommended for optimal infant health and development.
Why the First Six Months are Crucial
UNICEF and WHO emphasize the importance of exclusive breastfeeding during this period because:
- Nutritional Benefits: Breast milk provides the ideal nutrition for infants during their first six months.
- Cognitive Development: Exclusive breastfeeding promotes sensory and cognitive development.
- Disease Protection: It protects babies against infectious and chronic diseases.
Key Recommendations for the Critical Period
Here are the key breastfeeding recommendations during the critical period:
| Recommendation | Description |
|---|---|
| Initiation | Breastfeeding should begin within one hour of birth. |
| Exclusivity | Infants should be exclusively breastfed for the first six months, meaning no other food or liquids, including water, are given unless medically indicated. |
| Continued Breastfeeding | After six months, continue breastfeeding along with appropriate complementary foods up to two years of age or beyond. |
Additional Considerations
- Sensory Development: Breastfeeding helps infants develop their senses through close contact with their mothers.
- Cognitive Benefits: Nutrients and hormones in breast milk support brain development and cognitive function.
- Immune Support: Breast milk contains antibodies that protect infants from infections.
- Long-Term Health: Breastfeeding is associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases in both mothers and infants.
