Babies' ability to perceive color develops gradually after birth. Contrary to the common misconception that newborns see only in black and white, research shows they can detect some color from a very young age. Red is the first color a baby can reliably distinguish, typically within the first few weeks of life.
Why Red?
This is due to the physical properties of light and how the eye processes it. Red light has the longest wavelength in the visible spectrum (approximately 700 nanometers). Longer wavelengths are easier for the developing visual system to detect. As the visual cortex matures, the ability to discern other colors like blue and green emerges, but red's longer wavelength makes it the first color perceived.
Several sources support this:
-
Scientific Studies: Multiple studies indicate red as the first color seen, attributing this to its longest wavelength in the visible light spectrum. (India Today, Various other sources, https://www.nvisioncenters.com/childrens-eye-health/babies-see-color/)
-
Infant Development: By 8 weeks old, babies can reliably distinguish between red and white, along with light blue and some greens. This gradual development shows the progressive refinement of color perception. (Lozier Institute)
-
Color Vision Development: A baby's ability to see color continues to develop throughout their first year. (Mill Creek Eye)
While newborns can detect some contrast between black and white, and eventually other colors, red's unique wavelength characteristics make it the first color reliably perceived in a baby's visual journey.
