The risk of infection is a state where an individual is vulnerable to being invaded by a harmful agent. According to NANDA, the nursing diagnosis, "Risk of Infection," is defined as "the state in which an individual is at risk to be invaded by an opportunistic or pathogenic agent (virus, fungus, bacteria, protozoa, or other parasite) from endogenous or exogenous sources." This was approved in 1986. Therefore, it refers to the potential for a virus, fungus, bacteria, protozoa, or other parasite to cause harm.
Essentially, the risk depends on several factors, including:
- Exposure to pathogens: The presence and amount of harmful agents in the environment.
- Immune system strength: The ability of the body to fight off infection.
- Breaks in the skin or mucous membranes: Wounds or injuries that provide entry points for pathogens.
- Underlying medical conditions: Certain illnesses can weaken the immune system.
- Age: Infants and older adults are often more susceptible to infections.
It's important to note that "risk of infection" doesn't mean an infection will occur, but rather that there's a higher chance of it happening.
