The symptoms of tularemia vary depending on how the bacteria enters the body, but they generally include fever, and can be accompanied by other symptoms specific to the form of the infection.
Types of Tularemia and Their Symptoms
Tularemia manifests in several forms, each with distinct symptoms:
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Ulceroglandular Tularemia: This is the most common form. Symptoms include:
- Skin ulcer at the site where the bacteria entered the body.
- Swollen and painful lymph glands, usually in the area of the ulcer.
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Glandular Tularemia: Similar to ulceroglandular tularemia, but without the skin ulcer. Symptoms include:
- Swollen and painful lymph glands.
- Fever.
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Oculoglandular Tularemia: This form affects the eyes. Symptoms include:
- Eye pain and redness.
- Swelling of the inner lining of the eye (conjunctivitis).
- Swollen lymph glands in front of the ear.
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Oropharyngeal Tularemia: This form results from eating or drinking contaminated food or water. Symptoms include:
- Sore throat.
- Mouth ulcers.
- Tonsillitis.
- Swelling of lymph glands in the neck.
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Pneumonic Tularemia: This is the most serious form, affecting the lungs. It can occur from inhaling the bacteria or as a result of other forms of tularemia spreading to the lungs. Symptoms include:
- Cough.
- Chest pain.
- Difficulty breathing.
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Typhoidal Tularemia: This is a systemic form, meaning it affects multiple organs. Symptoms are non-specific and can include:
- Fever.
- Exhaustion.
- Weight loss.
- Abdominal pain.
- Diarrhea
- Pneumonia may develop.
In general, tularemia symptoms can also include sudden fever, chills, headache, fatigue, and muscle aches.
It's important to seek medical attention if you suspect you have tularemia, as early treatment with antibiotics is crucial.
