No, based on the provided reference, relations between Iraq and Turkey became strained following the Gulf War in the early 1990s.
While geographic neighbors sharing a border, the political and diplomatic relationship between Iraq and Turkey has faced significant challenges. The concept of being "close" in international relations typically implies strong, friendly, and cooperative ties. The information available suggests that this has not consistently been the case, particularly since the events of the Gulf War.
Historical Context and Post-Gulf War Strain
The reference notes that relations between the two countries were "generally cordial" at an earlier time. However, this changed significantly following the Gulf War (1990–91). This conflict and its aftermath led to a deterioration in their relationship, causing it to become strained.
Reasons for Strained Relations
The primary factor cited in the reference for the strain in Iraq-Turkey relations after the Gulf War is linked to developments in northern Iraq:
- Establishment of an Autonomous Kurdish Area: The outcome of the Gulf War led to the creation of an autonomous Kurdish area in northern Iraq.
- Sanctuary for Guerrillas: This autonomous region "provided sanctuary for Kurdish guerrillas operating in the south-east Turkey." The presence and activities of these groups, utilizing Iraqi territory as a base against Turkey, became a major point of contention and a source of significant strain between the two governments.
The issue of Kurdish groups operating across the border from northern Iraq into Turkey has been a persistent challenge, impacting bilateral relations and often leading to cross-border military operations by Turkey.
In summary, while geographically close, the political relationship between Iraq and Turkey, according to the provided reference, became strained after the Gulf War due to complex issues related to the autonomous region in northern Iraq and its link to Kurdish groups active in southeast Turkey.
