Intravenous (IV) injection delivers medication or fluids directly into a vein. The process typically involves these steps:
1. Preparation
- Gather Supplies: This includes gloves, antiseptic solution (e.g., alcohol wipes), needle and syringe (or catheter and IV tubing), medication or fluid to be administered, and gauze pads.
- Verify Medication: Double-check the medication's name, dosage, and expiration date against the patient's prescription.
- Patient Assessment: Assess the patient's vein suitability. Visible, superficial veins in the arm or hand are often preferred.
- Prepare the Injection Site: Cleanse the chosen vein area with an antiseptic solution.
2. Vein Access
- Insert the Needle/Catheter: A single needle injection may be used for a one-time dose. More commonly, a thin tube (catheter) is inserted into the vein after an initial needle puncture. This catheter allows for multiple administrations without repeated needle insertions. (Reference: Medical News Today, Healthline)
- Secure the Catheter (if applicable): If using a catheter, it's secured with a dressing to prevent accidental removal.
3. Medication/Fluid Administration
- Attach Syringe/Tubing: The syringe (for single injections) or IV tubing (for infusions) is connected to the needle or catheter.
- Administer the Medication/Fluid: Slowly inject the medication or fluid, monitoring the patient for any adverse reactions.
- Flush (if applicable): After medication administration, the IV line might be flushed with saline solution to ensure complete delivery and prevent clotting. (Reference: CDC)
4. Post-Injection Procedure
- Remove Needle/Catheter: Carefully remove the needle or catheter and apply pressure to the injection site with a gauze pad to stop bleeding.
- Dispose of Supplies: Dispose of all used needles and other sharp objects in designated containers to prevent accidental needle sticks.
- Monitor Patient: Observe the patient for any signs of complications, such as bleeding, swelling, or allergic reactions. (Reference: National Harm Reduction)
Note: The specifics of IV injection procedures can vary based on the medication, patient condition, and the healthcare provider's practices. In research settings, techniques may differ, for example, intravenous injection in mice often requires specialized handling and restraint. (Reference: Research Animal Training, IACUC UCSF)
While intravenous rehydration (IV fluids) is a relatively simple and safe procedure to prevent or treat dehydration, other IV procedures can involve more complex steps and potential risks. (Reference: Cleveland Clinic) Also note that billing and coding for IV procedures may vary and some components are not separately billable. (Reference: CMS) Finally, some procedures, like euthanasia, may involve intravenous injection of specific substances with specific protocols. (Reference: Iowa State University)
