Double joints, often referred to as hypermobility, don't involve extra joints at all. Instead, they are a result of increased flexibility in the ligaments that support your joints. This flexibility allows for a greater range of motion than what is typical.
Understanding Hypermobility
The term "double-jointed" is misleading. As Dr. Delaney explains, it is not about having an additional set of joints. The correct term is hypermobility or hyperlaxity. Hypermobility occurs when the ligaments that connect bones at a joint are more elastic than average. This increased elasticity allows the joint to move beyond its normal range of motion.
Key Factors Contributing to Hypermobility
- Ligament Elasticity: Ligaments are like strong, rubbery bands that hold bones together at a joint. In people with hypermobility, these bands are more stretchy than normal, allowing for increased movement.
- Genetic Factors: Hypermobility can often run in families, indicating a genetic component. Some people are simply born with more elastic connective tissue.
- Connective Tissue Disorders: Conditions like Ehlers-Danlos syndrome can also lead to significant hypermobility, often affecting multiple joints.
Effects of Hypermobility
While hypermobility may appear impressive, it's not always a positive trait. While some people with hypermobility experience no issues, others may experience:
- Joint Pain: Increased movement can cause strain on the joint and surrounding tissues, leading to pain.
- Increased Risk of Injury: Joints that move beyond their normal range of motion are more susceptible to sprains, dislocations, and other injuries.
- Fatigue: Supporting loose joints can cause muscle fatigue and soreness over time.
Common Areas Affected
Hypermobility can affect various joints in the body:
- Fingers and Thumbs: Often seen in individuals who can bend their fingers or thumb backwards more than is typical.
- Elbows and Knees: Hyperextension of these joints is a common sign of hypermobility.
- Shoulders and Hips: These larger joints may also exhibit increased range of motion.
Summary
To conclude, double joints or hypermobility refers to an increased elasticity of the ligaments around the joints, not the existence of an extra joint. This hyperlaxity allows for a greater-than-normal range of motion but can also come with risks of pain and injuries.
