The primary role of cartilage in the knee joint is to provide a smooth, low-friction surface that allows bones to move easily and to protect the bones from damage due to contact. In essence, cartilage acts as both a lubricant and a cushion within the knee.
Detailed Explanation of Cartilage's Function
Cartilage is crucial for the proper functioning of the knee joint. Here’s a breakdown of its key roles:
- Smooth Movement: Cartilage helps the bones glide smoothly over each other when you bend or straighten your leg. This smooth gliding action reduces friction and allows for a wide range of motion without pain or discomfort.
- Bone Protection: Cartilage protects your knee by preventing the bones from rubbing directly against each other. This cushioning effect absorbs impact and reduces stress on the bones, minimizing the risk of damage and wear.
- Flexibility and Toughness: Cartilage is a tough and flexible tissue. Its composition enables it to withstand the compressive forces experienced during activities like walking, running, and jumping.
Here's a table summarizing the functions of cartilage:
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| Smooth Movement | Allows bones to glide easily, reducing friction. |
| Bone Protection | Prevents bones from rubbing, cushioning impact. |
| Flexibility | Provides a flexible, supportive structure for the joint. |
| Impact Absorption | Dissipates forces, reducing stress on the bones and underlying tissues. |
The Risk of Cartilage Wear
The reference materials note that cartilage wears away as you age. This is a common condition known as osteoarthritis. When cartilage deteriorates, the protective cushioning is reduced, leading to bone-on-bone contact. This can cause pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility in the knee joint.
