The 10 symbols of Korea, often depicted in Korean art, particularly in Shipjangsaengdo (십장생도) paintings, are deeply rooted in the nation’s cultural traditions. They are not just beautiful images but are believed to represent longevity and good fortune. These symbols are:
| Symbol | Description |
|---|---|
| The Sun | Represents eternal light and vitality. |
| Clouds | Symbolize transformation, freedom, and aspiration. |
| Mountains | Signify stability, strength, and the enduring nature of the earth. |
| Water | Represents life, purity, and adaptability. |
| Pine Trees | Embody steadfastness, integrity, and resilience through all seasons. |
| Turtles | Known for their longevity and associated with wisdom. |
| Deer | Represent gentleness, peace, and longevity. |
| Cranes | Seen as symbols of peace, happiness, and longevity due to their long lifespan. |
| Peaches | Signify immortality and health. |
| Herb of Eternal Youth | Represents the desire for long life and vitality. |
Significance of the Ten Symbols
These ten symbols, also known as the Shipjangsaeng (십장생), are not simply decorative elements. They are believed to collectively bring long life and good fortune, and are frequently depicted together, often in Shipjangsaengdo screens or paintings. The inclusion of these symbols is a cultural tradition unique to Korea, though some symbols may share parallels in other East Asian cultures.
Key Characteristics:
- Longevity: The core theme that unites these diverse symbols is their association with long life or a desire for immortality.
- Nature and Culture: They blend the natural world with cultural beliefs, reflecting the harmonious relationship Koreans have with their environment.
- Artistic Representation: These symbols are widely represented in various forms of Korean art, including folk paintings, ceramics, and embroidery.
- Cultural Heritage: They are integral to the Korean cultural identity and continue to be cherished and used in contemporary artistic expressions.
Examples and Practical Insights:
- Shipjangsaengdo Paintings: Often found in homes to bring good fortune and longevity to residents.
- Gifts: These symbols or artistic renditions are common gifts given for celebrations and special occasions, such as weddings or birthdays.
- Motifs: The symbols can often be seen in traditional clothing, crafts, and architectural designs throughout Korea.
While some symbols, like the sun and mountains, are inherently long-lasting, others like peaches, deer, and cranes represent longevity symbolically, adding depth to the overall meaning.
The “Shipjangsaengdo” tradition, as shown in the reference from artsandculture.google.com, highlights the importance of these symbols in Korean culture. It’s important to note that these symbols are not considered sacred in a religious sense but are more viewed as culturally meaningful and represent hope for longevity and prosperity.
