A flipped classroom is a blended learning-teaching model where the traditional structure is inverted, focusing on active learning during class time. According to one definition, a flipped classroom is "a blended learning-teaching model based on the principle that the classroom is where the active part of learning should take place." It is "'flipped' (or 'inverted') because it requires students to do some preparation before the lesson so that the time spent with the teacher is used more effectively" (Source: 17-Mar-2019).
How the Flipped Model Works
In a traditional classroom, students often receive first exposure to new material (like grammar rules or vocabulary) during the lesson via teacher lecture. Homework then involves practicing these concepts independently. The flipped model reverses this:
- Before Class: Students engage with introductory material on their own. This might involve watching pre-recorded lectures, reading texts, listening to podcasts, or completing online quizzes.
- During Class: Classroom time is dedicated to activities that require higher-order thinking and direct interaction. This is when students practice, apply, and clarify the concepts they studied beforehand, with the teacher acting as a facilitator and guide.
Flipped Classrooms in Language Teaching
Applying the flipped model to language teaching transforms the classroom into a dynamic space focused on communication and application.
Pre-Class Preparation (Input Phase)
Before coming to class, language learners might:
- Watch videos explaining a new grammar point (e.g., using the subjunctive mood).
- Listen to recordings of native speakers introducing new vocabulary in context.
- Read a short story or article in the target language.
- Complete online pronunciation exercises.
- Review flashcards for new phrases.
This preparation phase allows students to learn at their own pace and come to class with foundational knowledge.
In-Class Activities (Application Phase)
With the basics covered before class, valuable teacher-led time is used for active language practice, such as:
- Speaking Practice: Role-plays using the new grammar or vocabulary, group discussions, debates, presentations.
- Task-Based Activities: Collaborative projects requiring students to use the language to achieve a goal.
- Problem-Solving: Working through challenging language exercises together.
- Q&A and Clarification: Addressing specific difficulties students encountered during the pre-class preparation.
- Personalized Feedback: Teachers can circulate and provide targeted support to individual students or groups.
This shift maximizes opportunities for students to use the language communicatively and receive immediate feedback.
Traditional vs. Flipped Language Classroom
Here's a simple comparison of typical activities:
| Activity Type | Traditional Classroom | Flipped Classroom |
|---|---|---|
| First Exposure | In Class (Lecture) | Before Class (Video/Reading) |
| Practice/Apply | Homework | In Class (Interaction) |
| Teacher Role | Lecturer | Facilitator, Coach |
The flipped model leverages technology for passive content delivery outside the classroom, freeing up face-to-face time for essential interactive language practice.
Learn more about blended learning approaches
A flipped classroom in language teaching is essentially about moving the passive reception of information outside of class so that precious in-class time can be dedicated to the active use and application of the language, guided by the teacher.
