Restarting a lawn involves several key steps, from measuring your lawn to choosing the right grass seed and preparing the soil for optimal growth. Here's a step-by-step guide:
1. Measure Your Lawn
Knowing the square footage of your lawn is crucial for determining the amount of seed, fertilizer, and other materials you'll need. Use a measuring wheel or online tools to calculate the area.
2. Choose the Right Grass Seed
Select a grass seed mix that is appropriate for your climate, soil conditions, and the amount of sunlight your lawn receives. Consider factors like:
- Climate: Warm-season grasses (e.g., Bermuda, Zoysia) thrive in southern climates, while cool-season grasses (e.g., Kentucky Bluegrass, Fescue, Ryegrass) are better suited for northern climates.
- Sunlight: Some grasses tolerate shade better than others.
- Usage: High-traffic areas may require more durable grass types.
3. Kill the Existing Lawn (If Necessary)
If your existing lawn is severely damaged or infested with weeds, you may need to kill it off completely. Options include:
- Herbicide: Use a non-selective herbicide like glyphosate (Roundup) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Multiple applications may be necessary. Important: Always follow label instructions and safety precautions.
- Solarization: Cover the lawn with clear plastic sheeting for several weeks during the hottest part of the summer. The heat will kill the existing grass and weeds.
4. Mow Short
Whether you're killing the existing lawn or simply overseeding, mow the existing grass as short as possible. This will help the new seed make better contact with the soil.
5. Improve the Soil
Healthy soil is essential for a thriving lawn. Consider these steps:
- Soil Test: A soil test will reveal the pH level and nutrient content of your soil. You can purchase soil test kits online or through your local extension office.
- Amendments: Based on the soil test results, amend the soil with compost, peat moss, or other organic matter to improve drainage, aeration, and nutrient levels. Lime can be added to raise the pH of acidic soils, while sulfur can be added to lower the pH of alkaline soils.
- Till or Aerate: Tilling or aerating the soil will help loosen compacted soil and improve seed-to-soil contact.
6. Prepare the Seedbed
- Rake: Rake the area to create a smooth, level surface. Remove any rocks, debris, or clumps of dead grass.
- Starter Fertilizer: Apply a starter fertilizer according to the manufacturer's instructions. Starter fertilizers are high in phosphorus, which is essential for root development.
7. Spread Seed
- Even Distribution: Use a broadcast spreader or drop spreader to distribute the seed evenly over the prepared area. Follow the seeding rate recommended on the seed package. Consider making two passes, spreading half the seed in one direction and the other half in a perpendicular direction.
- Lightly Rake: Lightly rake the seed into the top 1/4 inch of soil.
8. Cover Bare Spots (If Needed)
- Topdressing: Apply a thin layer of topsoil, compost, or straw over the seeded area to help retain moisture and protect the seed from birds.
9. Water Regularly
- Consistent Moisture: Keep the soil consistently moist, but not soggy, until the seedlings are established. Water lightly and frequently, especially during dry periods. Avoid overwatering, which can lead to disease.
10. First Mowing
- When to Mow: Once the grass seedlings reach a height of 3-4 inches, mow them for the first time.
- Proper Height: Set your mower to the highest setting and avoid removing more than 1/3 of the grass blade at a time.
