Forked lightning is a type of lightning characterized by its branching appearance as it nears the ground. In simple terms, it's lightning that divides into two or more paths as it approaches the earth's surface.
Understanding Forked Lightning
Forked lightning occurs when the electrical discharge from a thunderstorm cloud finds multiple paths of least resistance to the ground.
- This branching effect is what gives it the "forked" appearance.
Characteristics of Forked Lightning
Here are some key features:
- Branching Paths: The main channel of lightning splits into multiple smaller channels.
- Proximity to Ground: This branching is most noticeable as the lightning gets close to the ground.
- Path of Least Resistance: The branches follow paths where the air is most easily ionized (made electrically conductive).
Why Does Lightning Fork?
The phenomenon occurs because the electrical field near the ground is not uniform. Objects like trees, buildings, and even variations in the terrain create localized areas of stronger electrical charge.
- The lightning then seeks out these areas, resulting in the branched paths.
Impact of Forked Lightning
While all lightning is dangerous, forked lightning doesn't inherently pose a greater risk than other types. The danger stems from the high voltage and current involved.
- Safety Measures: It's crucial to seek shelter indoors during thunderstorms to avoid any lightning strikes.
Example of Forked Lightning
Imagine a lightning bolt descending from a storm cloud. As it nears the ground, instead of hitting in one single point, it splits. One branch might strike a tree, while another strikes the ground a few feet away. This is forked lightning in action.
