A structured literacy lesson incorporates several key elements designed to build a strong foundation in reading and writing skills. These elements are often taught explicitly and systematically.
Here's a breakdown of the components:
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Oral Language: This encompasses listening comprehension, speaking skills, and vocabulary development. Activities might include read-alouds, discussions, and opportunities for students to express themselves verbally.
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Phonemic Awareness: Focusing on the sounds within words, phonemic awareness includes activities like blending, segmenting, and manipulating phonemes. This skill is crucial for decoding and spelling.
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Phonics and Spelling: This element involves teaching the relationships between letters and sounds (phonics) and applying that knowledge to both reading and spelling. Instruction is systematic and progresses from simple to complex concepts.
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Vocabulary and Morphology: Expanding vocabulary knowledge is essential for reading comprehension. Morphology, the study of word parts (prefixes, suffixes, roots), helps students decode unfamiliar words and understand their meanings.
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Fluency: Fluency refers to the ability to read accurately, at a good pace, and with expression. Activities to improve fluency include repeated readings and timed readings.
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Syntax: Syntax is the understanding of sentence structure and grammar. Instruction in syntax helps students comprehend the meaning of sentences and write grammatically correct sentences.
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Text Comprehension and Written Expression: The ultimate goal of reading is comprehension. This element focuses on strategies for understanding and remembering what is read. Written expression focuses on the ability to communicate ideas clearly and effectively in writing.
In summary, a structured literacy lesson is comprehensive and addresses all the essential components of literacy development. This approach ensures that students receive explicit and systematic instruction in each area, leading to improved reading and writing skills.
