Fatty dystrophy, also known as fatty liver disease or hepatic steatosis, is a condition where excess fat builds up in the liver. This accumulation of fat can lead to inflammation and damage to the liver, potentially progressing to more serious liver problems.
There are two main types of fatty liver disease:
- Alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD): This type is caused by excessive alcohol consumption.
- Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): This type is linked to factors like obesity, insulin resistance, high cholesterol, and diabetes.
Fatty dystrophy in mice, referred to as fld, is a specific genetic condition characterized by hypertriglyceridemia (high levels of triglycerides in the blood) and fatty liver during neonatal development. This condition is caused by an autosomal recessive mutation, meaning two copies of the mutated gene are required for the condition to develop.
Understanding the Causes and Symptoms
- Causes of fatty liver disease:
- Excessive alcohol consumption
- Obesity
- Insulin resistance
- High cholesterol
- Diabetes
- Certain medications
- Genetic predisposition
- Symptoms of fatty liver disease:
- Most people with fatty liver disease do not experience symptoms.
- In advanced stages, symptoms may include fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice), and swelling in the legs and ankles.
Treatment and Prevention
Treatment for fatty liver disease depends on the type and severity of the condition. For NAFLD, lifestyle changes, including weight loss, regular exercise, and a healthy diet, are often recommended. In cases of AFLD, abstinence from alcohol is essential.
Preventing fatty liver disease involves:
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Eating a balanced diet
- Engaging in regular physical activity
- Avoiding excessive alcohol consumption
- Managing underlying conditions like diabetes and high cholesterol
