An SGPT test, also known as an alanine aminotransferase (ALT) test, is a blood test used to assess the health of your liver. It measures the amount of the enzyme ALT in your blood. ALT is primarily found in liver cells, and when the liver is damaged or diseased, ALT is released into the bloodstream, causing elevated levels.
This test can help detect a variety of liver conditions, including:
- Hepatitis: Viral infections like hepatitis A, B, and C can damage the liver, leading to elevated ALT levels.
- Cirrhosis: This condition involves scarring of the liver, which can be caused by chronic alcohol abuse or hepatitis.
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): This condition is often associated with obesity and diabetes and can lead to inflammation and damage of the liver.
- Drug-induced liver injury: Some medications can cause damage to the liver, leading to increased ALT levels.
Normal ALT levels typically range from 7 to 56 IU/L (international units per liter), but this can vary slightly depending on the laboratory. Elevated ALT levels may indicate a liver problem, but further testing is often needed to determine the underlying cause.
