What is LFT in Blood Tests?
LFTs, or liver function tests, are a group of blood tests that assess your liver's health and functionality. They measure various substances produced by the liver, revealing how well this vital organ is working.
Liver function tests don't directly measure the liver's function in a single test. Instead, they measure several substances, including enzymes and proteins, to gauge the liver's condition. These substances may include, but are not limited to:
- Alanine transaminase (ALT): An enzyme primarily found in the liver. Elevated levels often indicate liver damage or inflammation.
- Aspartate transaminase (AST): An enzyme found in the liver, heart, and other tissues. Elevated levels suggest potential liver damage, but interpretation needs to consider other factors.
- Alkaline phosphatase (ALP): An enzyme found in the liver and bones. High levels may point to liver or bone diseases.
- Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT): An enzyme found in the liver and other tissues, mostly used to diagnose liver diseases and alcohol-related liver damage.
- Bilirubin: A byproduct of the breakdown of hemoglobin. High levels (hyperbilirubinemia) can indicate liver problems or blockage of bile ducts.
A comprehensive liver panel will often include multiple of these tests, providing a more complete picture of the liver's status.
Why are LFTs performed?
LFTs are ordered by doctors for several reasons:
- To investigate symptoms suggesting liver problems, such as jaundice (yellowing of skin and eyes), fatigue, abdominal pain, or dark urine.
- To monitor liver disease or damage, helping track its progression or response to treatment.
- To screen for liver disease in individuals with risk factors, such as excessive alcohol consumption, certain infections, or exposure to toxins.
Interpreting LFT Results
The interpretation of LFT results requires medical expertise. Abnormal results do not automatically mean severe liver disease. The doctor will consider the results in the context of the patient's medical history, physical examination, and other relevant tests.
Note: This information is for general knowledge and should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult with your doctor for accurate diagnosis and treatment of any medical condition.
