What are ALT and LFT?
ALT and LFT are medical terms related to liver health. Let's break them down:
ALT, or alanine transaminase, is an enzyme primarily found in the liver. It plays a crucial role in converting proteins into energy for liver cells. When the liver is damaged, ALT leaks into the bloodstream, causing levels to rise. This increase is a key indicator that something might be wrong with the liver. A blood test measuring ALT levels is a common part of a liver function panel. MedlinePlus and Cleveland Clinic both describe ALT's role in liver health and its use in diagnosing liver damage.
- High ALT levels: Often indicate liver damage, but not necessarily from hepatitis C. Levels fluctuate. (Hepatitis.va.gov)
- ALT is part of a liver panel: Used to diagnose liver damage or disease. (Mayo Clinic)
LFT: Liver Function Tests
LFT, or liver function tests, is a broader term encompassing a panel of blood tests that assess the liver's health and function. ALT is one component of an LFT panel. Other tests might include aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and bilirubin. These tests provide a more comprehensive picture of liver health than any single test alone. An abnormal LFT result indicates potential liver problems, requiring further investigation.
- AST/ALT ratio: A ratio of less than 1 (ALT higher than AST) may suggest fatty liver disease. (Verywell Health)
- Disproportionate elevations: Elevations in ALT and AST out of proportion to ALP and bilirubin suggest hepatocellular disease. (StatPearls)
- Many causes for elevated levels: Mildly elevated ALT and AST levels commonly result from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease or alcoholic liver disease. (AAFP)
In summary, ALT is a specific liver enzyme, while LFT is a group of tests evaluating overall liver function. Both are crucial in diagnosing and monitoring liver health.
