How to Read an LFT Report
Understanding your liver function test (LFT) report requires knowing what the different values mean and their implications for liver health. This guide explains how to interpret common LFT results. Note that this information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. Always discuss your results with your doctor.
Liver function tests measure levels of specific enzymes and proteins in your blood. Elevated or lowered levels can indicate liver damage or disease. Here are some key enzymes:
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Alanine aminotransferase (ALT): This enzyme is primarily found in the liver.
- Average ranges: 29-33 IU/L in men and 19-25 IU/L in women.
- Higher levels: May suggest liver damage or disease.
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Aspartate aminotransferase (AST): This enzyme is found in the liver, heart, and muscles.
- Average ranges: 10-40 units/L in men and 9-32 units/L in women.
- Higher levels: Can indicate liver injury, but also other conditions.
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Other enzymes and proteins: LFTs also include other tests like alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin, and albumin, which provide additional information about liver function and bile production. Your report will list the normal ranges for these markers.
Interpreting Your LFT Report
Your LFT report will show your results alongside reference ranges considered normal for the general population. A value outside the normal range doesn't automatically indicate disease. Your doctor considers several factors, including:
- The degree of elevation or reduction: A slightly elevated level might be insignificant, while a significantly elevated level warrants further investigation.
- Combination of results: Looking at all values together provides a more complete picture.
- Your overall health: Other symptoms, medications, and medical history are also taken into account.
Example
Let's say your ALT is 50 IU/L (and the reference range is 19-25 IU/L for women). This is substantially higher than normal and suggests potential liver damage or disease. Your doctor may then order additional tests to determine the cause.
What to Do If You Have Abnormal Results
If your LFTs reveal abnormal values, your doctor will likely:
- Order additional tests: This might include imaging studies (ultrasound, CT scan) or a liver biopsy to determine the cause of the abnormalities.
- Discuss your lifestyle: Factors like alcohol consumption, diet, and medications will be considered.
- Develop a treatment plan: Based on the underlying cause of the abnormal LFTs, your doctor may recommend lifestyle changes, medication, or other interventions.
Remember, your doctor is the best resource for understanding your specific LFT results and determining the appropriate course of action.
