What if SGPT is High in LFT?
A high SGPT (Alanine aminotransferase) level in a liver function test (LFT) indicates potential liver damage. This isn't a diagnosis in itself, but a warning sign requiring further investigation.
SGPT, also known as ALT, is an enzyme primarily found in the liver. When liver cells are damaged, SGPT leaks into the bloodstream, causing elevated levels detected in an LFT. Several sources provide normal ranges, varying slightly:
- Yashoda Hospitals: 29-33 units/liter for males, 19- units/liter for females.
- Redcliffe Labs: 7-56 units/liter of serum.
These variations highlight the importance of comparing your results to the specific lab's reference range. A significantly elevated level above this range warrants medical attention.
Causes of High SGPT
Numerous factors can lead to elevated SGPT levels, including:
- Liver disease: This includes alcoholic liver disease, hepatitis (viral, autoimmune), and cirrhosis. A ratio of SGOT (AST) to SGPT greater than 2 may suggest alcoholic liver disease (as noted in one study).
- Medication side effects: Certain medications can cause liver damage as a side effect.
- Heart attack: Damage to the heart can also raise SGPT levels.
- Muscle damage: While primarily a liver enzyme, SGPT is also present in muscles, and damage to muscles can increase its blood level.
What to Do if Your SGPT is High
If your LFT shows high SGPT, consult a doctor immediately. They will conduct a thorough evaluation, possibly including:
- Further blood tests: To assess other liver function markers and identify potential underlying conditions.
- Imaging tests: Such as ultrasound or CT scan to visualize the liver.
- Liver biopsy: In some cases, a small sample of liver tissue is needed for a definitive diagnosis.
The reference mentioning a "drastic rise" in SGPT as a sign of liver damage and recommending abstinence from alcohol until liver health improves emphasizes the seriousness of high SGPT levels. It's crucial to address this promptly to prevent further liver damage.
