High bilirubin levels in the blood can be caused by a variety of factors, including temporary stressors on the liver, liver diseases, and increased breakdown of red blood cells.
Here are some specific causes of high bilirubin:
- Liver Stressors:
- Medications: Certain medications can temporarily stress the liver, leading to increased bilirubin levels.
- Alcohol: High alcohol intake can put a strain on the liver, leading to elevated bilirubin.
- Liver Diseases:
- Viral Hepatitis: Viral infections like hepatitis A, B, and C can damage the liver and cause high bilirubin.
- Mononucleosis: This infection can also affect the liver, causing high bilirubin levels.
- Other liver diseases: Chronic liver diseases, such as cirrhosis and fatty liver disease, can also lead to increased bilirubin.
- Increased Red Blood Cell Breakdown:
- Hemolysis: A condition where red blood cells break down at an accelerated rate can cause high bilirubin levels.
- Genetic Disorders: Certain genetic disorders, like Gilbert's syndrome, can cause mild and harmless elevations in bilirubin levels.
Other potential causes of high bilirubin include:
- Gallstones: Blockage of the bile duct by gallstones can cause bilirubin to build up.
- Pancreatitis: Inflammation of the pancreas can sometimes affect the liver and lead to high bilirubin.
- Certain Cancers: Some cancers can affect the liver and lead to high bilirubin levels.
Important Note: High bilirubin can also be caused by conditions specific to newborns, such as immature liver function.
