A person cannot get a liver transplant if they are too ill or frail to cope with the surgery and the necessary aftercare. Other contraindications exist as well.
Several factors can disqualify someone from receiving a liver transplant. These include:
- Severe Illness or Frailty: If someone is too weak or unwell to withstand the rigors of surgery and the recovery process, they will likely not be considered a suitable candidate. This assessment takes into account their overall health and ability to adhere to the post-transplant medication regimen.
- Recent Major Health Issues: A recent history of serious medical events significantly impacts eligibility. For example:
- Cancer: Individuals who have recently had cancer may be ineligible, as immunosuppressant medications taken after the transplant can increase the risk of cancer recurrence. The timeframe for ineligibility varies based on the type and stage of cancer.
- Serious Infections: Active or recent serious infections can compromise the success of a liver transplant. The immune system needs to be relatively stable for the procedure to succeed.
- Cardiovascular Events: A recent heart attack or stroke suggests underlying cardiovascular issues that could increase the risks associated with major surgery like a liver transplant.
- Inability to Adhere to Post-Transplant Care: Liver transplant recipients must take immunosuppressant medications for the rest of their lives to prevent organ rejection. If a person is unlikely to adhere to this medication schedule, whether due to cognitive issues, substance abuse, or other reasons, they may not be considered a suitable candidate.
- Other conditions: Other conditions may preclude transplant. A transplant team can assess the patient's medical history and current state of health to determine eligibility.
It's important to consult with a transplant center to receive a comprehensive evaluation and determine eligibility for a liver transplant.
