Long division with a one-digit divisor involves systematically breaking down the dividend (the number being divided) into smaller parts to determine how many times the divisor (the number you're dividing by) fits into it. The YouTube video titled "Long Division with 1-digit Divisors" provides a clear explanation of this process. Here's a breakdown of the steps:
Steps for Long Division with a One-Digit Divisor
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Set up the problem: Write the divisor outside the division bracket and the dividend inside. For example, if you are dividing 48 by 4, 4 goes on the outside and 48 goes on the inside.
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Divide the first digit: Determine how many times the divisor goes into the first digit of the dividend.
- Example: With 48 ÷ 4, ask yourself, "How many times does 4 go into 4?" The answer is 1.
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Write the quotient: Place the number representing how many times the divisor goes into the digit above that digit.
- Example: Since 4 goes into 4 one time, you would place the '1' over the '4' in the dividend.
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Multiply: Multiply the divisor by the quotient you just wrote down.
- Example: 1 (the quotient) multiplied by 4 (the divisor) is 4.
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Subtract: Subtract the result of the multiplication from the digit you originally divided into.
- Example: Subtract 4 from 4, which equals 0.
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Bring down: Bring down the next digit of the dividend next to the result of the subtraction.
- Example: Bring down the 8 from 48 next to the 0, making it 08 (or simply 8).
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Repeat: Repeat steps 2-6 using the new number you've created until all digits of the dividend have been used.
- Example:
- How many times does 4 go into 8? The answer is 2.
- Write the 2 above the 8 in the dividend.
- Multiply 2 (the new quotient) by 4 (the divisor) to get 8.
- Subtract 8 from 8, which equals 0. There are no more digits to bring down.
- Example:
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Determine the remainder: If, after the final subtraction, you have a number other than zero, that number is the remainder. If the final subtraction results in zero, there is no remainder.
- Example: In our example, the final subtraction resulted in zero. Therefore, 48 ÷ 4 = 12 with no remainder.
Example
Here's the example from above worked out fully:
| Step | Calculation | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Set up | 4 | 48 |
| 2. Divide First Digit | 4 ÷ 4 = 1 | How many times does 4 go into 4? |
| 3. Write the Quotient | 1 | 4 |
| 4. Multiply | 1 x 4 = 4 | Multiply the new quotient 1 by the divisor 4. |
| 5. Subtract | 1 | 4 |
| 6. Bring Down | 1 | 4 |
| 7. Repeat (Divide) | 8 ÷ 4 = 2 | How many times does 4 go into 8? |
| 7. Repeat (Write Quotient) | 12 | 4 |
| 7. Repeat (Multiply) | 2 x 4 = 8 | Multiply the new quotient 2 by the divisor 4 |
| 7. Repeat (Subtract) | 12 | 4 |
| 8. Determine Remainder | 0 | No remainder. |
Tips for Success
- Write neatly and keep your columns aligned to avoid errors.
- If the divisor is larger than the digit you're dividing into, consider the next digit as well.
- Practice regularly to improve your speed and accuracy.
