A baby born with only one lung has a condition called unilateral lung agenesis. This means one lung fails to develop during pregnancy. The severity of the condition varies greatly.
Understanding Unilateral Lung Agenesis
Unilateral lung agenesis is a rare congenital abnormality where one lung is absent at birth. This can affect either the right or left lung, but right lung agenesis is generally associated with a more serious outlook (worse prognosis) than left lung agenesis. [Reference: Unilateral lung agenesis can affect the right or the left side, but right lung agenesis has been found to have a worse prognosis than the left.]
Symptoms and Diagnosis
The presentation of unilateral lung agenesis can range from:
- Prenatal diagnosis: This can be detected through ultrasound (US) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans during pregnancy.
- Postnatal symptoms: Some infants show no symptoms initially, while others experience severe respiratory distress shortly after birth. This can manifest as difficulty breathing.
Treatment and Outlook
Treatment will depend on the severity of the condition and the symptoms. Some infants may require respiratory support, including oxygen therapy or mechanical ventilation. The long-term outlook (prognosis) is variable and depends on several factors, including the presence of associated abnormalities and the overall health of the child. Regular monitoring and ongoing medical care are crucial for these infants.
