A lung infection is commonly called pneumonia.
Understanding Pneumonia
Pneumonia is an infection that affects the lungs, causing the air sacs (alveoli) to become inflamed and fill with fluid or pus. This inflammation can make breathing difficult and impair the lungs' ability to function properly. According to the provided information, pneumonia can be caused by:
- Bacteria: Various types of bacteria can lead to bacterial pneumonia.
- Viruses: Viruses, including those that cause the common cold and flu, can also result in viral pneumonia.
- Fungi: Certain types of fungi can cause fungal pneumonia, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems.
How Pneumonia Affects the Lungs
The primary impact of pneumonia is on the alveoli. These tiny air sacs in the lungs are responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. When they become inflamed and filled with fluid or pus, they cannot perform this vital function effectively. As a result:
- Oxygen levels in the blood may drop.
- The patient may experience difficulty breathing and shortness of breath.
- Other symptoms may develop, including cough, fever, and chest pain.
Table Summarizing Lung Infections
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Pneumonia | Infection of the lungs that causes inflammation and fluid or pus in alveoli |
Symptoms of Pneumonia
Common symptoms of pneumonia can include:
- Cough (which may produce phlegm)
- Fever
- Chills
- Shortness of breath
- Chest pain
- Fatigue
Treatment and Prevention
Treatment for pneumonia depends on the underlying cause and severity of the infection. It may include:
- Antibiotics for bacterial pneumonia
- Antiviral medications for viral pneumonia
- Antifungal medications for fungal pneumonia
- Supportive care, such as oxygen therapy and pain relief
- Vaccination against certain types of pneumonia-causing bacteria and viruses
