The lungs receive their nerve supply from two main sources: the pulmonary plexus and the phrenic nerve.
The Pulmonary Plexus
The pulmonary plexus is a network of nerves that surrounds the lung tissue, pulmonary blood vessels, and bronchi. It plays a key role in controlling various lung functions. This plexus contains:
- Parasympathetic Nerves: These nerves are responsible for functions such as:
- Bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways).
- Increased mucus secretion.
- Sympathetic Nerves: These nerves are responsible for functions such as:
- Bronchodilation (widening of the airways).
- Reduced mucus secretion.
The Phrenic Nerve
The phrenic nerve, though primarily known for controlling the diaphragm (the main muscle involved in breathing), also contributes to the innervation of the lungs.
Summary Table
| Nerve | Function | Components |
|---|---|---|
| Pulmonary Plexus | Controls lung tissue, vasculature, and bronchi | Parasympathetic and Sympathetic |
| Phrenic Nerve | Contributes to lung innervation, also controls diaphragm |
In summary, the lungs are innervated by the pulmonary plexus, which includes both parasympathetic and sympathetic fibers, and the phrenic nerve. This dual innervation allows for precise control of lung functions and breathing.
