Yes, men need female hormones, albeit in much smaller quantities than women. While testosterone is considered the primary male sex hormone, estrogen plays a crucial role in men's health.
The Importance of Estrogen in Men
Estrogen, often associated with women, is also produced in men, albeit at lower levels. A fully grown male typically has an estradiol level of 10-40 picograms per milliliter (pg/ml) and an estrone level of 10-50 pg/ml. [^1] This estrogen is essential for several bodily functions:
- Bone health: Estrogen contributes to maintaining bone density and strength, reducing the risk of osteoporosis.
- Cognitive function: Some research suggests a link between estrogen levels and cognitive abilities in men.
- Cardiovascular health: Estrogen may play a role in protecting against heart disease.
- Sexual function: Although testosterone is primarily responsible, estrogen contributes to overall sexual health and libido.
Although both men and women produce both estrogen and testosterone, the levels differ significantly. [^2] High levels of estrogen in men can, however, lead to adverse effects such as gynecomastia (breast enlargement), erectile dysfunction, and infertility. [^1] Conversely, low levels may also have negative consequences.
Estrogen and Medical Treatments
Estrogen is sometimes used in medical treatments for men, such as in hormone therapy for prostate cancer. [^3] However, this use should be under strict medical supervision due to potential side effects. [^3] Estrogen therapy for transgender women also utilizes female hormones to induce feminization. [^7, ^9]
Misconceptions about "Female Hormones"
The terms "male" and "female" hormones are somewhat misleading. Both sexes produce both testosterone and estrogen. The crucial difference lies in the levels of each hormone. [^2] The focus should be on maintaining a healthy balance of hormones rather than focusing solely on the presence of estrogen as being strictly "female."
[^1]: The Role of Estrogen in Men's Health. News-Medical.net. February 14, 2022.
[^2]: A role for oestrogens in the male reproductive system. PubMed.
[^3]: Hormone Therapy for Prostate Cancer. American Cancer Society. November 22, 2023.
[^7]: Feminizing hormone therapy. Mayo Clinic. July 12, 2024.
[^9]: Male-to-female hormones: What to know. Medical News Today. March 24, 2021.
