There are 14 principles in administrative management, primarily attributed to Henri Fayol.
Henri Fayol, a French industrialist, developed these principles in the early 20th century based on his observations and experiences in managing a coal-mining company. These principles were designed to improve organizational structure and management practices, and they remain relevant in modern management theory.
Here's a list of Fayol's 14 Principles of Management:
- Division of Work: Specializing tasks to increase efficiency.
- Authority and Responsibility: Authority should be commensurate with responsibility.
- Discipline: Obeying rules and regulations.
- Unity of Command: Each employee should receive orders from only one superior.
- Unity of Direction: All related activities should be grouped under one plan.
- Subordination of Individual Interest to General Interest: The organization's interests should take precedence over individual interests.
- Remuneration of Personnel: Employees should be fairly compensated for their work.
- Centralization: The degree to which authority is concentrated.
- Scalar Chain: A clear line of authority from top to bottom.
- Order: A place for everything and everything in its place.
- Equity: Fair and just treatment of employees.
- Stability of Tenure of Personnel: Minimizing employee turnover.
- Initiative: Encouraging employees to take initiative.
- Esprit de Corps: Promoting teamwork and harmony within the organization.
These 14 principles offer a foundational framework for effective administrative management and have significantly influenced the development of modern organizational theory and practice.
