Whiteboard markers are made primarily from color pigments mixed with a chemical solvent and a polymer, or "release agent." The critical difference between whiteboard markers (also called dry erase markers) and permanent markers lies in the type of polymer used.
Here's a breakdown:
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Ink Composition: The core of a whiteboard marker is its ink. This ink is a carefully formulated mixture of:
- Color Pigments: These provide the actual color you see on the whiteboard.
- Chemical Solvent: This is a liquid that dissolves or suspends the pigments, allowing them to flow easily from the marker tip. It also helps the ink dry quickly on the whiteboard surface.
- Polymer (Release Agent): This is the magic ingredient that allows the ink to be easily erased.
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The Key Difference: Polymer Type:
- Whiteboard Markers (Dry Erase): Utilize an oily silicone-based polymer. This silicone doesn't bind strongly to the whiteboard surface, allowing the pigment to be easily wiped away.
- Permanent Markers: Use an acrylic polymer. This polymer creates a strong bond with the surface, causing the pigment to adhere permanently.
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Manufacturing Process (Simplified):
- Mixing: The color pigments, solvent, and polymer are carefully mixed in precise ratios to create the ink.
- Filling: The ink is then injected into the marker barrel, which contains a porous material (usually felt or fiber) that acts as an ink reservoir.
- Nib Insertion: The marker nib, typically made of felt or acrylic fiber, is inserted into the tip of the marker barrel. This nib draws ink from the reservoir and delivers it to the writing surface.
- Assembly & Packaging: The marker components are assembled, and the marker is capped to prevent the ink from drying out. Finally, the markers are packaged for distribution.
In summary, the combination of specific pigments, a solvent, and a silicone polymer creates the unique erasable writing experience of a whiteboard marker.
