Subtracting children is a conceptual question, not a literal one. The reference provided explains how to teach mathematical subtraction to children using a number line. Therefore, the question can be rephrased as "How do you teach children the concept of subtraction?".
Understanding Subtraction for Children
Teaching subtraction involves helping children understand the idea of taking away or reducing a quantity. Here's how to approach it:
1. Using a Number Line
The provided reference suggests using a number line as a visual aid:
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Create a Number Line:
- Draw a line.
- Mark 20 equally spaced segments.
- Number the segments from 1 to 20.
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Demonstrate Subtraction:
- Start at a specific number on the number line (e.g., 14).
- To subtract, count backward by the amount to be subtracted (e.g., for 14 - 3, count back 3 spaces).
- The number you land on is the answer (e.g., 11).
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Example
If we want to demonstrate 7 - 3, the kid would start at 7 and count 3 places backwards landing at 4, which is the answer.
2. Practical Examples
- Objects: Use everyday items like toys or blocks. Start with a certain number and physically remove some to show subtraction.
- Stories: Create simple stories that involve taking away objects. For example, "Sarah had 5 apples, and she ate 2. How many are left?"
- Verbalization: Ask the child to explain what they are doing, this solidifies their understanding of the process.
3. Key Concepts
- Taking Away: Emphasize that subtraction means removing something from a group.
- Reducing Quantity: Help children understand that the result of subtraction is always a smaller number than the starting number (unless subtracting zero).
- Inverse of Addition: Briefly explain the link between addition and subtraction (they are opposite operations).
How a Number Line Works
| Step | Explanation |
|---|---|
| Draw Line | Draw a straight line |
| Mark Segments | Divide it into 20 equal segments. |
| Number Segments | Label the segments from 1 to 20 |
| Count Backwards | To subtract, start at a number and count backwards by the amount to be subtracted. |
By using these techniques, children can understand the concept of subtraction through visual aids and practical examples making math more intuitive.
