There are several effective strategies for teaching students how to add 10 to a number, focusing on understanding place value and building mental math skills. Here's a breakdown:
Understanding Place Value
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Introduce Place Value Concepts: Ensure students understand that numbers are composed of tens and ones. Use manipulatives like base-ten blocks or drawings to represent numbers visually. For example, 23 is 2 tens and 3 ones.
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Demonstrate Adding 10 with Manipulatives: Physically add a ten-block to a number represented with blocks. For instance, if you have 23 (2 tens and 3 ones), adding a ten-block makes it 33 (3 tens and 3 ones). This concrete representation helps students visualize the change only occurring in the tens place.
Mental Math Strategies
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Highlight the Pattern: Emphasize that adding 10 to a number only changes the digit in the tens place. The ones place remains the same.
- Example: 4 + 10 = 14 (The 4 in the ones place stays the same, and the tens place increases from 0 to 1).
- Example: 27 + 10 = 37 (The 7 in the ones place stays the same, and the tens place increases from 2 to 3).
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Practice with Number Lines/Charts: Use a number line or a hundreds chart to visually show how adding 10 moves you directly down one row on the chart, or 10 units to the right on a number line. This reinforces the concept of incrementing by 10.
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Verbalizing the Process: Encourage students to verbally explain what happens when they add 10 to a number. This solidifies their understanding. For example, "When I add 10 to 15, I know the 5 stays the same, and the 1 in the tens place becomes a 2, so it's 25."
Examples and Practice
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Provide Varied Examples: Use a range of numbers for practice, including single-digit numbers, teen numbers, and larger two-digit numbers.
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Games and Activities: Incorporate games and activities that focus on adding 10 to make learning fun and engaging.
Making 10 Strategy
While the reference mentions "Make a 10 to Add", this strategy is typically used for adding two single-digit numbers whose sum is greater than 10 (e.g., 7 + 5). While related to the number 10, it's a separate concept from directly adding 10 to a given number. To clarify: the video excerpt demonstrates that 7+5 is the same as 10+2 because we can break down the 5 into a 3 and a 2. We take the 3 to make the 7 into a 10, and then add the remaining 2.
In summary, effectively teaching adding 10 involves building a strong foundation in place value, visually demonstrating the pattern, and providing ample practice through varied examples and engaging activities.
