The full form of IGT is Impaired Glucose Tolerance.
This term is used in the context of diabetes and refers to a prediabetic state where blood glucose levels are higher than normal after an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), but not high enough to be classified as type 2 diabetes. It indicates that the body isn't processing sugar properly, increasing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other health problems.
Understanding Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT):
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Definition: IGT means that your blood glucose levels are higher than normal two hours after drinking a sugary drink during an OGTT, but not high enough to be diagnosed with diabetes. Specifically, a 2-hour plasma glucose level between 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) and 199 mg/dL (11.0 mmol/L) indicates IGT.
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Significance: Having IGT significantly increases your risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Many people with IGT will eventually develop diabetes if they don't make lifestyle changes.
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Detection: IGT is typically diagnosed through an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). This test involves fasting overnight, then drinking a sugary liquid. Blood glucose levels are measured before and two hours after drinking the liquid.
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Management: IGT can often be managed through lifestyle changes such as:
- Diet: Following a healthy diet low in sugar and processed foods.
- Exercise: Regular physical activity can improve insulin sensitivity.
- Weight Loss: If overweight or obese, losing even a small amount of weight can make a big difference.
- Medication: In some cases, medication may be prescribed to help regulate blood glucose levels.
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Related Condition: Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG) is another prediabetic condition where fasting blood glucose levels are higher than normal, but not high enough to be diagnosed with diabetes. It's possible to have both IGT and IFG.
In summary, Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) is an important indicator of prediabetes and a warning sign that lifestyle changes are needed to prevent the development of type 2 diabetes.
