Yes, it is possible for a baby to be born with one kidney. This condition is known as unilateral renal agenesis.
Unilateral Renal Agenesis: What it Is
Unilateral renal agenesis means that a baby is born with only one kidney instead of the usual two. The other kidney is absent from birth.
- Occurrence: It's estimated to occur in about 1 out of every 1,000 to 2,000 births.
- Causes: The exact causes aren't always known, but it can be associated with:
- Intrauterine growth restriction (when the fetus doesn't grow at a normal rate).
- Multiple pregnancies (twins, triplets, etc.).
- Detection: This condition is sometimes detected during prenatal ultrasounds. However, it can also go unnoticed until later in life.
Living with One Kidney
Many individuals with only one kidney lead perfectly normal and healthy lives. The single kidney often grows larger (compensatory hypertrophy) to handle the workload normally shared by two. However, some potential long-term considerations include:
- High blood pressure: There might be a slightly increased risk of developing high blood pressure later in life.
- Proteinuria: Some individuals may develop protein in their urine, which can be a sign of kidney problems.
- Kidney disease: The remaining kidney needs to be carefully protected, as any damage could lead to a reduced kidney function.
Regular check-ups with a doctor are recommended to monitor kidney function and blood pressure. A healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular exercise, can also help protect the remaining kidney.
Summary
Being born with one kidney (unilateral renal agenesis) is a relatively rare condition. While most individuals live normal lives, regular monitoring is recommended to ensure the remaining kidney stays healthy and functions properly.
