Using a nasal suction machine (also called an aspirator) generally involves preparing the machine, positioning the patient, and gently extracting mucus from the nasal passages. Here's a step-by-step guide:
1. Preparation:
- Check the Aspirator: Ensure the nasal suction machine is clean and in good working order.
- New Filter: Make sure it has a new, clean filter installed to prevent contamination and ensure proper suction.
- Assemble Components: Connect the tubing and suction tip/catheter to the machine. The suction tip is what you'll actually insert into the nose.
- Adjust Suction: Turn the machine on and adjust the suction level. Start with the lowest setting and gradually increase it as needed. The appropriate suction level will vary depending on the machine and the patient (e.g., infants require lower suction).
2. Patient Positioning:
- Infants and Young Children: Lay the child down on a safe and stable surface, such as a changing table or the floor. You can also hold them in your lap. Slightly elevate their head if possible.
- Older Children and Adults: Sit upright or slightly reclined.
3. Suctioning the Nose:
- Gentle Insertion: Gently insert the suction tip or catheter into one nostril. Do not force it. Insert it about 1/4 to 1/2 inch for infants, and a little further for older children and adults, depending on the size of the nose.
- Occlude the Vent (If Applicable): Some aspirators have a vent or hole on the side of the suction tip. Cover this vent with your finger to create suction. If there isn't a vent, the machine will suction continuously while the tip is inserted.
- Suction Briefly: Apply suction for a few seconds at a time (typically 5-10 seconds). Move the suction tip gently in a circular motion or back and forth to reach different areas of the nasal passage.
- Release Suction: Remove your finger from the vent (if applicable) to release suction before removing the tip from the nostril.
- Repeat on the Other Nostril: Repeat the process in the other nostril.
- Clean the Tip: Clean the suction tip/catheter thoroughly between each nostril and after use with soap and water or a disinfectant solution.
4. Post-Suctioning Care:
- Comfort the Patient: After suctioning, comfort the patient, especially if it was a child.
- Monitor Breathing: Observe the patient's breathing to ensure it has improved.
- Clean and Store Equipment: Disassemble the machine according to the manufacturer's instructions, clean all parts thoroughly, and store it in a clean, dry place.
Important Considerations:
- Suction Pressure: Always start with the lowest suction pressure and increase it gradually. Too much suction can irritate the nasal passages.
- Frequency: Do not suction too frequently, as it can also irritate the nasal passages. Suction only when necessary to relieve congestion.
- Saline Drops: Consider using saline nasal drops before suctioning to help loosen thick mucus.
- Consult a Doctor: If you are unsure about how to use a nasal suction machine or have any concerns about your child's congestion, consult a doctor.
- Infection Control: Follow strict hygiene practices to prevent the spread of infection. Wash your hands thoroughly before and after suctioning. Use disposable suction tips whenever possible.
