The mosquitoes that primarily transmit filariasis (caused by Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi) are Culex quinquefasciatus and Mansonia annulifera/M.
Here's a more detailed breakdown:
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Filarial Worms: Filariasis, or lymphatic filariasis, is caused by thread-like parasitic worms belonging to the family Filariidae (filariae). The most common species causing the disease are Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori.
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Mosquito Vectors: These parasitic worms are transmitted to humans through the bites of various mosquito species. Different mosquito species act as vectors in different geographic regions. The most important vectors include:
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Culex quinquefasciatus: This is a major vector for Wuchereria bancrofti, especially in urban areas. This mosquito is very common and breeds in polluted water.
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Mansonia annulifera/M.: These mosquitoes also transmit filariasis, particularly in certain regions.
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Transmission Cycle: The mosquito ingests microfilariae (the larval stage of the worm) when it bites an infected person. The microfilariae develop within the mosquito and are then transmitted to another person during a subsequent bite.
Therefore, while other mosquito species can also transmit filariasis, Culex quinquefasciatus and Mansonia annulifera/M are the most significant vectors to consider.
