Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is caused by a specific genetic alteration.
Understanding the Root Cause of MTC
MTC arises due to a change, also known as a mutation, in a gene called the RET proto-oncogene. This gene is crucial in regulating cell growth and development. When this gene is altered, it leads to cells growing and multiplying rapidly without the usual checks and balances. This uncontrolled growth is what defines cancer, specifically in this case, medullary thyroid cancer.
How RET Proto-oncogene Alteration Leads to MTC
- Uncontrolled Cell Growth: The mutated RET gene disrupts the normal cell cycle, allowing cells to grow and divide uncontrollably.
- Rapid Multiplication: The affected cells multiply at an abnormal rate, forming a tumor in the thyroid gland.
- Lack of Regulation: The mutation impairs the normal regulatory mechanisms of cell growth, leading to cancer.
Key Points to Remember:
- MTC is fundamentally a genetic disorder where a change in the RET proto-oncogene is the primary cause.
- The mutated gene drives cells to grow and multiply without proper control.
Summary of MTC Causes
| Cause | Description |
|---|---|
| RET proto-oncogene Mutation | Alteration in the RET gene causes cells to grow and multiply uncontrollably, leading to the development of medullary thyroid cancer. |
