Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the inside of the body. This technique doesn't involve ionizing radiation like X-rays.
Here's how MRI works:
- Powerful Magnet: The MRI machine has a powerful magnet that creates a strong magnetic field. This field aligns the protons in the body's water molecules, which are like tiny magnets.
- Radiofrequency Pulses: Radiofrequency pulses are then emitted, which disrupt the alignment of the protons. These pulses are tuned to a specific frequency that excites the protons.
- Signal Detection: When the radiofrequency pulses are turned off, the protons return to their original alignment, emitting a signal. The strength and timing of this signal are measured and used to create images.
- Image Formation: The strength of the signal varies depending on the type of tissue and how much water it contains. This difference in signal allows the MRI machine to create detailed images of different organs and tissues in the body.
MRI is used for a wide range of purposes, including:
- Diagnosing brain tumors, spinal cord injuries, and other neurological conditions
- Evaluating the health of muscles, tendons, and ligaments
- Detecting abnormalities in organs, such as the liver, kidneys, and pancreas
- Monitoring the effectiveness of cancer treatments
- Guiding surgeons during surgery
MRI is a safe and painless procedure. However, it is important to note that people with certain medical implants, such as pacemakers, cannot undergo MRI. Additionally, claustrophobia can be a challenge for some patients, as MRI machines can be very loud and narrow.
