An Ultrasound (USG) test, also known as sonography, is performed using high-frequency sound waves to create images of internal body structures. Here's a breakdown of what typically happens during an ultrasound procedure:
1. Preparation:
-
Scheduling: Your doctor will order the USG and you'll schedule an appointment with a radiology department or imaging center. Instructions regarding fasting (avoiding food and drink for a certain period), bladder fullness (drinking water beforehand), or medication adjustments may be given beforehand, depending on the type of ultrasound. Follow these instructions carefully.
-
Clothing: You may be asked to remove clothing and wear a gown. Remove any jewelry or metallic objects in the area being examined.
2. During the Procedure:
-
Positioning: You'll lie on an examination table, typically on your back, side, or stomach, depending on the area being imaged.
-
Gel Application: A clear, water-based gel is applied to the skin over the area being examined. This gel helps transmit the sound waves between the ultrasound transducer (probe) and your body.
-
Transducer Movement: The sonographer (a trained ultrasound technician) will press the transducer firmly against your skin and move it around to visualize the structures of interest. You might feel slight pressure from the transducer.
-
Image Acquisition: The transducer emits high-frequency sound waves that bounce back off the body's internal structures. These echoes are received by the transducer and processed by a computer to create real-time images on a monitor.
-
Breathing Instructions: You may be asked to hold your breath or breathe in a specific way at certain times to improve image quality.
3. Post-Procedure:
-
Gel Removal: The gel is wiped off your skin. It is water-soluble and shouldn't stain your clothes.
-
Results: The images are reviewed by a radiologist (a doctor specializing in interpreting medical images). The radiologist will prepare a report, which will be sent to your referring physician. Your doctor will discuss the results with you.
Key Points:
- Painless and Non-Invasive: Ultrasound is generally painless. You might feel slight discomfort from the pressure of the transducer. It's non-invasive, meaning it doesn't involve any needles or incisions.
- No Radiation: Ultrasound does not use ionizing radiation (like X-rays).
- Duration: The duration of an ultrasound exam varies depending on the area being examined, but it typically takes between 30 minutes and an hour.
- Communication: Communicate any discomfort or concerns to the sonographer during the procedure.
In summary, undergoing a USG involves preparing as instructed, having gel applied to the skin, and allowing a trained sonographer to move a transducer across your body to obtain images which are then interpreted by a radiologist.
