PET scans are generally considered very safe procedures. Typically, there are no significant side effects associated with a PET scan.
Here's a breakdown of what to expect:
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Radioactive Tracer: The radioactive tracer used in a PET scan has a very short half-life, meaning it decays quickly and doesn't stay in your body for long. The radiation dose you receive is low, often compared to several years' worth of natural background radiation. While any radiation exposure carries a minimal risk, the benefits of the diagnostic information gained from the PET scan usually outweigh this risk.
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Allergic Reactions: Allergic reactions to the tracer are extremely rare and, if they occur, are usually mild. Symptoms might include itching, rash, or hives. The medical staff performing the scan is prepared to handle any allergic reaction that may arise.
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Claustrophobia: Some patients experience claustrophobia inside the PET scan machine. If you are prone to claustrophobia, inform your doctor beforehand. They may be able to provide medication to help you relax or suggest an open PET scanner (although these are less common).
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Injection Site Discomfort: You might feel a slight sting or pinch at the injection site when the radioactive tracer is administered. This discomfort is usually temporary.
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Effects on Pregnant Women and Nursing Mothers: PET scans are generally avoided during pregnancy due to potential risks to the fetus. Nursing mothers may be advised to pump and discard breast milk for a certain period after the scan to avoid exposing the infant to radiation. Your doctor will provide specific instructions based on the tracer used.
In summary, while there are theoretical risks associated with any medical procedure, PET scans are very safe, and significant side effects are uncommon. You should always discuss any concerns you have with your doctor before undergoing the scan.
