The primary risks associated with a biopsy include bleeding and infection at the biopsy site. Additionally, some mild pain is common after the procedure.
Here's a more detailed breakdown of the potential risks:
- Bleeding: A biopsy involves puncturing tissue, which can lead to bleeding. The risk varies depending on the biopsy location, the size of the needle used, and any underlying bleeding disorders the patient may have. In most cases, bleeding is minor and easily controlled with pressure.
- Infection: Any invasive procedure carries a risk of infection. Sterile techniques are employed during a biopsy to minimize this risk, but infection can still occur. Signs of infection include increased pain, redness, swelling, pus, or fever.
- Pain: Some pain or discomfort is expected after a biopsy. The level of pain varies depending on the biopsy location and individual pain tolerance. Over-the-counter pain relievers are usually sufficient to manage the pain.
- Damage to nearby structures: Depending on the biopsy location, there's a small risk of damage to nearby organs, nerves, or blood vessels. This risk is minimized by using imaging guidance (such as ultrasound or CT scan) during the procedure.
- Need for further procedures: A biopsy is performed to obtain a tissue sample for diagnosis. In some cases, the biopsy results may be inconclusive, necessitating further investigation or another biopsy.
- Scarring: Any skin penetration leaves a scar, though biopsies usually leave very small ones.
It's important to discuss the specific risks associated with your particular biopsy with your doctor before the procedure. They can explain the risks in detail and address any concerns you may have.
