A Percutaneous Nephrostomy (PCN) is used primarily to drain urine from the kidney when there is a blockage in the urinary system.
Here's a more detailed breakdown:
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Purpose: The primary purpose of a PCN is to relieve obstruction in the urinary tract. This blockage prevents urine from flowing normally from the kidney to the bladder.
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How it Works: A nephrostomy catheter is inserted through the skin of the back directly into the renal pelvis (the collecting area of the kidney). This catheter then drains the urine into an external collection bag.
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Indications (Reasons for PCN):
- Urinary Obstruction: This is the most common reason. Obstructions can be caused by:
- Kidney stones
- Tumors in the urinary tract or surrounding organs
- Blood clots
- Strictures (narrowing of the ureter)
- Congenital abnormalities
- Infection: When a blockage causes a kidney infection (pyonephrosis) that cannot be treated with antibiotics alone, a PCN can drain the infected urine and pus.
- Urinary Diversion: In some cases, a PCN is used to temporarily divert urine flow after surgery or injury to the urinary tract.
- Access for Procedures: PCNs can also be used to provide access to the kidney for other procedures, such as stone removal (percutaneous nephrolithotomy).
- Urinary Obstruction: This is the most common reason. Obstructions can be caused by:
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Benefits:
- Relieves pain and pressure caused by urine buildup.
- Prevents kidney damage.
- Treats or prevents infection.
- Allows for further treatment of the underlying cause of the blockage.
In summary, a PCN is a valuable tool in managing urinary obstruction and its complications, providing a temporary or permanent solution to ensure proper kidney drainage.
