The symptoms of Wilson's disease vary, but commonly include fatigue, jaundice, Kayser-Fleischer rings, fluid buildup, and problems with speech, swallowing, or coordination.
Wilson's disease is a rare genetic disorder that causes copper to accumulate in the liver, brain, and other vital organs. This buildup of copper can lead to a wide range of neurological and psychiatric symptoms, as well as liver problems. The specific symptoms and their severity can vary significantly from person to person.
Common Symptoms of Wilson's Disease
The symptoms of Wilson's disease can be broadly categorized into hepatic (liver-related), neurological, and psychiatric symptoms.
Hepatic Symptoms
- Tiredness and loss of appetite: These are often early and non-specific symptoms.
- Jaundice: A yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes, indicating liver dysfunction.
- Fluid buildup in the legs or stomach area: This can occur due to liver failure leading to ascites (fluid in the abdomen) and edema (swelling in the legs).
Neurological Symptoms
- Problems with speech: Slurred or difficult-to-understand speech can be a sign of neurological damage.
- Problems with swallowing: Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) can also result from neurological issues.
- Problems with physical coordination: Tremors, muscle stiffness, clumsiness, and difficulty with fine motor skills are common.
Other Symptoms
- Kayser-Fleischer Rings: These are golden-brown or copper-colored rings around the irises of the eyes. They are caused by copper deposits in the cornea and are a hallmark sign of Wilson's disease. While not always present, their presence strongly suggests the diagnosis.
- Other potential symptoms can include anemia, kidney problems, arthritis, and psychological disturbances like depression or personality changes.
It is crucial to note that the symptoms of Wilson's disease can mimic other conditions, making diagnosis challenging. If you suspect you or someone you know may have Wilson's disease, consult a medical professional immediately. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for preventing serious complications.
